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Zoonoses and public health. 2019 Dec 19. doi: 10.1111/zph.12675

Cervids as sentinel-species for tick-borne encephalitis virus in Norway - A serological study.

Paulsen KM¹, das Neves CG², Granquist EG³, Madslien K⁴, Stuen S⁵, Pedersen BN⁶, Vikse R⁷, Rocchi M⁸, Laming E⁹, Stiasny K¹⁰, Andreassen ÅK¹¹

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¹Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
²Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
³Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
⁴Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
⁵Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Section of Small Ruminant Research and Herd Health, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Sandnes, Norway.
⁶Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
⁷Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
⁸Virus Surveillance Unit, Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, Scotland, UK.
⁹Virus Surveillance Unit, Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, Scotland, UK.
¹⁰Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
¹¹Department of Virology, Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.

Abstract

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). TBEV is one of the most important neurological pathogens transmitted by tick bites in Europe. The objectives of this study were to investigate the seroprevalence of TBE antibodies in cervids in Norway and the possible emergence of new foci, and furthermore to evaluate if cervids can function as sentinel animals for the distribution of TBEV in the country. Serum samples from 286 moose, 148 roe deer, 140 red deer and 83 reindeer from all over Norway were collected and screened for TBE immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with a modified commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by TBEV serum neutralisation test (SNT). The overall seroprevalence against the TBEV complex in the cervid specimens from Norway was 4.6%. The highest number of seropositive cervids was found in south-eastern Norway, but seropositive cervids were also detected in southern- and central Norway. Antibodies against TBEV detected by SNT were present in 9.4% of the moose samples, 1.4% in red deer, 0.7% in roe deer, and nil in reindeer. The majority of the positive samples in our study originated from areas where human cases of TBE have been reported in Norway. The study is the first comprehensive screening of cervid species in Norway for antibodies to TBEV, and shows that cervids are useful sentinel animals to indicate TBEV occurrence, as supplement to studies in ticks. Furthermore, the results indicate that TBEV might be spreading northwards in Norway. This information may be of relevance for public health considerations and supports previous findings of TBEV in ticks in Norway.

KEYWORDS: cervids, sentinel animals, seroprevalence, tick-borne encephalitis virus

Publikations ID: 31855321
Quelle: öffnen

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