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    The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity. 2021 Nov 4. doi: 10.1186/s12966-021-01205-9. pii: 10.1186/s12966-021-01205-9
    The temporal relationship between parental concern of overeating and childhood obesity considering genetic susceptibility: longitudinal results from the IDEFICS/I.Family study.
    Masip G1,  Foraita R2,  Silventoinen K3,  Adan RAH4,  Ahrens W5,  De Henauw S6,  Hebestreit A7,  Keski-Rahkonen A8,  Lissner L9,  Mehlig K10,  Molnar D11,  Moreno LA12,  Pigeot I13,  Russo P14,  Veidebaum T15,  Bogl LH16,  Kaprio J17
    Author information
    1Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. guiomar.masip-manuel@helsinki.fi.
    2Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    3Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    4Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
    5Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    6Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
    7Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    8Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    9School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    10School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    11Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
    12GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
    13Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    14Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
    15Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
    16Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
    17Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Abstract

    BACKGROUND: Many genes and molecular pathways are associated with obesity, but the mechanisms from genes to obesity are less well known. Eating behaviors represent a plausible pathway, but because the relationships of eating behaviors and obesity may be bi-directional, it remains challenging to resolve the underlying pathways. A longitudinal approach is needed to assess the contribution of genetic risk during the development of obesity in childhood. In this study we aim to examine the relationships between the polygenic risk score for body mass index (PRS-BMI), parental concern of overeating and obesity indices during childhood.

    METHODS: The IDEFICS/I.Family study is a school-based multicenter pan-European cohort of children observed for 6 years (mean ± SD follow-up 5.8 ± 0.4). Children examined in 2007/2008 (wave 1) (mean ± SD age: 4.4 ± 1.1, range: 2-9 years), in 2009/2010 (wave 2) and in 2013/2014 (wave 3) were included. A total of 5112 children (49% girls) participated at waves 1, 2 and 3. For 2656 children with genome-wide data we constructed a PRS based on 2.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Z-score BMI and z-score waist circumference (WC) were assessed and eating behaviors and relevant confounders were reported by parents via questionnaires. Parental concern of overeating was derived from principal component analyses from an eating behavior questionnaire.

    RESULTS: In cross-lagged models, the prospective associations between z-score obesity indices and parental concern of overeating were bi-directional. In mediation models, the association between the PRS-BMI and parental concern of overeating at wave 3 was mediated by baseline z-BMI (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.21) and baseline z-WC (β = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.23). To a lesser extent, baseline parental concern of overeating also mediated the association between the PRS-BMI and z-BMI at wave 3 (β = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.13) and z-WC at wave 3 (β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.12).

    CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the prospective associations between obesity indices and parental concern of overeating are likely bi-directional, but obesity indices have a stronger association with future parental concern of overeating than vice versa. The findings suggest parental concern of overeating as a possible mediator in the genetic susceptibility to obesity and further highlight that other pathways are also involved. A better understanding of the genetic pathways that lead to childhood obesity can help to prevent weight gain.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registry number: ISRCTN62310987 Retrospectively registered 17 September 2018.


    © 2021. The Author(s).

    KEYWORDS: Body mass index, Genetics, Mediation, Obesity, Overeating, Polygenic risk score, Temporal associations

    Publikations ID: 34732214
    Quelle: öffnen
     
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